The Effect of Endurance Training with Crocin Consumption on the Levels of AMPK and NRF1 Gene Expression in the Soleus Muscles of Diabetic Rats

Background: Exercise training and crocin, as a herbal antioxidant, help improve metabolism insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) involve the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway control. Objective: This study aimed to investigate effects of high-intensity interval (HIIT), low intensity continued (LICT) combination with crocin consumption on AMPK NRF1 gene expression muscle tissue diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 56 adult rats were divided into eight groups (n = 7), including (crocin utilization, HIIT, LICT, HIIT LICT control, sham groups) healthy control group. The performed five sessions per week for weeks, received 25 mg/kg daily weeks. Moreover, genes levels evaluated different using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: According our results, while induction significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.05), increased 0.05). Conclusions: It appears that along improves symptoms through mechanism